Japan is currently evaluating options for a substantial drone procurement, with both Israel and Turkey emerging as key contenders. The procurement is part of a 1 trillion Yen ($6.3 billion) budget allocated by Japan for unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) acquisition.
Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI) is offering its Heron Mark II UAV, a sophisticated drone that has been under consideration by Japan for some time. However, recent reports indicate that Turkey is also a strong competitor, presenting its Kargu suicide drone (loitering munition) and other models. Turkish drones are reportedly technologically comparable to their Israeli counterparts but come at a lower cost, making them an attractive option for Japan. Spain and Australia are also in the running with their own drone offerings.
Despite its growing defense budget, which increased by 21% in 2024 to approximately $55.3 billion, Japan’s defense spending remains relatively low compared to other major global players. The country aims to increase its defense budget by only 2% by 2027, a modest target compared to NATO’s recently raised defense budget goal of 5% of GDP.
For 2025, Japan has earmarked $261 million for the purchase of US MQ-9B SeaGuardian drones for maritime reconnaissance. Additionally, $20 million is allocated for smaller attack drones, intended to enhance security on the islands in the southwest of the country. Japan’s primary security concerns, shared by many nations in the Asia-Pacific region, are China and North Korea.
This competition highlights the evolving landscape of global defense procurement, where technological prowess and cost-effectiveness play crucial roles in securing international contracts.